Penitentes Phenomena

Numerous attractions in South-American countries are associated with Andes ranges. Besides stunning landscapes of high mountain peaks, one can enjoy backpacking tours to underground caves, icy areas and glaciers, explore the beauty of tropical and equatorial nature, both on low and alpine altitudes, etc.

To give a scientific definition, Penitentes is thin and high ice blades directed towards the sun, which are formed on the snow-covered areas in mountains. The main factor is dry air that prevents ice from melting. In Andes Penitentes blades are no surprise on snow peaks and hills, especially on the altitudes more than 4 km above sea level. The widest distribution of this natural wonder is observed in Argentina and Chile.

Charles Darwin, a glorious explorer of South America, was the first to reveal Penitentes phenomena that is recorded in 1839. On March 22nd 1835 he led an expedition through the snowy plains of Pikuenes pass on the way from Santiago de Chile to the Argentine city of Mendoza. In these places, the expedition encountered with a huge array of snow sculptures in the shape of blades. In contrast to commonly recognized scientific explanation of such a phenomena, locals at the time believed that Penitentes appeared because of strong winds.

It is already confirmed by scholars that these snow blades are formed when the sun rays convert snow into steam, without melting period. This process is called sublimation. Initially, on the smooth snow appear irregulations of the surface, on which the sunlight concentrates and thus further accelerates the emergence of Penitentes. In practice, this theory was introduced by Argentine geologist Luciano Catalano, long after expeditions of Charles Darwin and his team.

In the scientific world, Penitentes alerts a lot of attention. This phenomena is studied in details in the course of global warming investigations, conducted by multiple scientific groups and institutions around the world. The scientific interest in the Andes is combined with recreational activities. Ski resort "Penitentes", offers tourists excellent conditions for recreation and a variety of winter sports. Climbers, conquering the local peaks, shoot videos and take pictures on the background of Penitentes. After all, a fantastic Penitentes, is among the 10 most spectacular natural wonders of the world.

Maria Kruk, an author for VisitArgentina.net - the best guide to Argentina and it top travel attractions!